Verbo to be en inglés
El verbo to be es uno de los más importantes en inglés. Significa “ser” o “estar”, y se usa para identificar, describir, hablar de estados, ubicaciones o existencia.
Es un verbo irregular, lo que significa que cambia su forma según el tiempo verbal y el sujeto.
En este post aprenderás a usar el verbo to be en presente, pasado y futuro, su forma negativa, su uso en el presente perfecto y 50 ejercicios con respuestas.
Conjugación del verbo to be en presente simple
| Pronombre | Forma del verbo | Ejemplo | Traducción |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | I am happy. | (Yo soy / estoy feliz.) |
| You | are | You are a student. | (Tú eres / estás estudiante.) |
| He | is | He is tired. | (Él está cansado.) |
| She | is | She is a teacher. | (Ella es profesora.) |
| It | is | It is cold today. | (Hace frío hoy.) |
| We | are | We are friends. | (Nosotros somos amigos.) |
| You | are | You are ready. | (Vosotros estáis listos.) |
| They | are | They are at home. | (Ellos están en casa.) |
Usos del verbo to be
1. Identificar o describir personas y cosas:
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She is a doctor. (Ella es doctora.)
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This is my book. (Este es mi libro.)
2. Hablar de estados o condiciones:
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I am tired. (Estoy cansado.)
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The weather is nice. (El tiempo está agradable.)
3. Localizar personas o cosas:
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He is at work. (Él está en el trabajo.)
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The keys are on the table. (Las llaves están sobre la mesa.)
4. Expresar edad (en inglés se usa to be en lugar de have):
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I am 25 years old. (Tengo 25 años.)
5. Hablar de existencia (con “there is / there are”):
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There is a book on the desk. (Hay un libro en el escritorio.)
Estructuras básicas
Afirmativa: Sujeto + to be + complemento
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I am a student. (Soy estudiante.)
Negativa: Sujeto + to be + not + complemento
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I am not a student. (No soy estudiante.)
Interrogativa: To be + sujeto + complemento + ?
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Are you a student? (¿Eres estudiante?)
Forma negativa contraída
| Completa | Contraída | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| I am not | I’m not | I’m not hungry. |
| You are not | You aren’t | You aren’t late. |
| He is not | He isn’t | He isn’t here. |
| She is not | She isn’t | She isn’t ready. |
| It is not | It isn’t | It isn’t difficult. |
| We are not | We aren’t | We aren’t tired. |
| They are not | They aren’t | They aren’t home. |
Verbo to be en pasado simple
| Pronombre | Forma del verbo | Ejemplo | Traducción |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | was | I was at school. | (Estaba en el colegio.) |
| You | were | You were late. | (Llegaste tarde.) |
| He / She / It | was | He was happy. | (Él estaba contento.) |
| We / You / They | were | We were in London. | (Estábamos en Londres.) |
Forma negativa:
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I was not (wasn’t) at work. (No estaba en el trabajo.)
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They were not (weren’t) ready. (No estaban listos.)
Interrogativa:
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Was she there? (¿Estaba ella allí?)
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Were they friends? (¿Eran amigos?)
Verbo to be en futuro simple
Se forma con will be.
| Pronombre | Ejemplo | Traducción |
|---|---|---|
| I | I will be there. | Estaré allí. |
| You | You will be fine. | Estarás bien. |
| He / She / It | She will be a great teacher. | Será una gran profesora. |
| We / You / They | We will be happy. | Seremos felices. |
Negativa:
-
I will not be late. (No llegaré tarde.)
Interrogativa: -
Will you be ready? (¿Estarás listo?)
Verbo to be en presente perfecto
Estructura: have / has been
| Pronombre | Ejemplo | Traducción |
|---|---|---|
| I | I have been busy. | He estado ocupado. |
| You | You have been very kind. | Has sido muy amable. |
| He / She / It | She has been sick. | Ella ha estado enferma. |
| We / You / They | We have been friends for years. | Hemos sido amigos durante años. |
Negativa:
-
I haven’t been there. (No he estado allí.)
Interrogativa: -
Have you been to London? (¿Has estado en Londres?)
Frases comunes con to be
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I’m sorry. (Lo siento.)
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It’s okay. (Está bien.)
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Be quiet! (¡Estate quieto!)
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Be careful. (Ten cuidado.)
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I’m ready. (Estoy listo.)
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She’s late again. (Ella llega tarde otra vez.)
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They’re from Spain. (Son de España.)
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50 ejercicios con to be
Completa las frases con la forma correcta del verbo to be (am, is, are, was, were, will be, have been, etc.).
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I ___ a teacher.
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She ___ happy today.
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They ___ not at home.
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___ you ready?
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It ___ very cold yesterday.
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We ___ at school last week.
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He ___ my brother.
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You ___ very kind.
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I ___ not tired now.
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She ___ a doctor.
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___ they friends?
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We ___ in Paris last summer.
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I ___ sorry about that.
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It ___ sunny tomorrow.
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He ___ at the office.
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You ___ a good student.
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They ___ from Madrid.
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I ___ not there yesterday.
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___ she busy right now?
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He ___ my teacher last year.
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We ___ happy to see you.
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You ___ at the meeting tomorrow.
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I ___ at home last night.
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It ___ difficult, but we can do it.
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She ___ not feeling well.
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They ___ married.
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___ you hungry?
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I ___ on holiday last week.
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We ___ at the party.
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He ___ my best friend.
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You ___ tired after work.
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It ___ late already.
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She ___ not ready.
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___ they in class?
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I ___ busy these days.
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We ___ not there at 8.
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It ___ a beautiful day yesterday.
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___ you at home last night?
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They ___ happy with the results.
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I ___ excited for the trip.
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He ___ at the cinema yesterday.
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We ___ students at this school.
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You ___ not late this morning.
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She ___ a good singer.
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___ it your book?
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I ___ not in class on Monday.
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They ___ not here today.
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We ___ at the park last weekend.
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___ you there too?
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It ___ a great experience.
Respuestas
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El verbo to be es la base del inglés. Se usa para describir personas, lugares, estados y situaciones, y cambia según el tiempo verbal.
Dominarlo es esencial para construir oraciones correctas en inglés, tanto en presente como en pasado, futuro y perfecto.
Practica los ejemplos y ejercicios para mejorar tu comprensión y usar to be con naturalidad en cualquier contexto.